In this section, you will learn how to create a basic
Test Plan to test a Web site. You will
create five users that send requests to two pages on the Jakarta Web site.
Also, you will tell the users to run their tests twice. So, the total number of
requests is (5 users) x (2 requests) x (repeat 2 times) = 20 HTTP requests. To
construct the Test Plan, you will use the following elements:
Thread Group,
,
, and
.
このセクションでは、Webサイトのテストのための
テストプランの基本的な作成方法を紹介します。
Jakarta Webサイト上の二つのページにリクエストを送信する5人のユーザーを作成します。
また、ユーザーはそれぞれテストを2回行うようにセットします。
したがってリクエストの総数は
(5 users) x (2 requests) x (repeat 2 times) = 20 HTTP requests
となります。テストプランを構成するには、以下の要素を利用します。
スレッドグループ,
,
,
The first step you want to do with every JMeter Test Plan is to add a
Thread Group element. The Thread Group tells
JMeter the number of users you want to simulate, how often the users should send
requests, and the how many requests they should send.
Go ahead and add the ThreadGroup element by first selecting the Test Plan,
and then from the Edit menu, select Add --> ThreadGroup.
テストプランを選択し編集メニューからスレッドグループを選択し、
スレッドグループ要素を追加します。
You can also access the Edit menu by selecting an element
and then clicking your right mouse button.
要素上で右クリックをすることでも編集メニューを利用できます。
You should now see the Thread Group element under Test Plan. If you do not
see the element, then "expand" the Test Plan tree by double-clicking on the
Test Plan element.
Next, you need to modify the default properties. Select the Thread Group element
in the tree, if you have not already selected it. You should now see the Thread
Group Control Panel in the right section of the JMeter window (see Figure 5.1
below)
Next, increase the number of users (called threads) to 5.
次に、ユーザー（スレッドと書かれています）の数を5に増やします。
In the next field, the Ramp-Up Period, leave the the default value of 0
seconds. This property tells JMeter how long to delay between starting each
user. For example, if you enter a Ramp-Up Period of 5 seconds, JMeter will
finish starting all of your users by the end of the 5 seconds. So, if we have
5 users and a 5 second Ramp-Up Period, then the delay between starting users
would be 1 second (5 users / 5 seconds = 1 user per second). If you set the
value to 0, then JMeter will immediately start all of your users.
Finally, clear the checkbox labeled "Forever", and enter a value of 2 in
the Loop Count field. This property tells JMeter how many times to repeat your
test. If you enter a loop count value of 0, then JMeter will run your test only
once. To have JMeter repeatedly run your Test Plan, select the Forever
checkbox.
In most applications, you have to manually accept
changes you make in a Control Panel. However, in JMeter, the Control Panel
automatically accepts your changes as you make them. If you change the
name of an element, the tree will be updated with the new text after you
leave the Control Panel (for example, when selecting another tree element).
ふつうのアプリケーションではコントロールパネル上での変更を手動で反映させる
必要がありますが、JMeterでは、コントロールパネル上での変更は自動的に反映されます。
もしも要素の名前を変更したら、コントロールパネルを離れると
ツリー上の名前も更新されます(例えばツリー上のほかの要素を選択したとき)。
See Figure 5.2 for the completed Jakarta Users Thread Group.
Now that we have defined our users, it is time define the tasks that they
will be performing. In this section, you will specify the default settings
for your HTTP requests. And then, in section 5.3, you will add HTTP Request
elements which use some of the default settings you specified here.
Begin by selecting the Jakarta Users element. From the Edit menu, choose
Add --> Config Element --> HTTP Request Defaults. Then, select this new
element to view its Control Panel (see Figure 5.3).
Skip to the next field, which is the Web Server's Server Name/IP. For the
Test Plan that you are building, all HTTP requests will be sent to the same
Web server, jakarta.apache.org. Enter this domain name into the field.
This is the only field that we will specify a default, so leave the remaining
fields with their default values.
The HTTP Request Defaults element does not tell JMeter
to send an HTTP request. It simply defines the default values that the
HTTP Request elements use.
HTTPリクエスト設定要素はJMeterにHTTPリクエストを送信させるものではありません。
単にHTTPリクエスト要素のデフォルト値を設定するだけです。
See Figure 5.4 for the completed HTTP Request Defaults element
Nearly all web testing should use cookie support, unless your application
specifically doesn't use cookies. To add cookie support, simply add an
to each Thread
Group in your test plan. This will ensure that each thread gets its own
cookies, but shared across all objects.
To add the , simply select the
Thread Group, and choose Add -->
Config Element --> HTTP
Cookie Manager, either from the Edit Menu, or from the right-click pop-up menu.
In our Test Plan, we need to make two HTTP requests. The first one is for the
Jakarta home page (http://jakarta.apache.org/), and the second one is for the
Project Guidelines page (http://jakarta.apache.org/site/guidelines.html).
JMeter sends requests in the order that you add them
to the tree.
JMeterはツリーにHTTPリクエストを追加するときにリクエストを送信します。
Start by adding the first
to the Jakarta Users element (Add --> Generative Controller --> HTTP Request).
Then, select the HTTP Request element in the tree and edit the following properties
(see Figure 5.5):
Change the Name field to "Home Page".
Set the Path field to "/". Remember that you do not have to set the Server
Name field because you already specified this value in the HTTP Request Defaults
element.
The final element you need to add to your Test Plan is a
Listener. This element is
responsible for storing all of the results of your HTTP requests in a file.
Select the Jakarta Users element and add a File Reporter (Add --> Listener
--> File Reporter). Next, you need to specify a directory and filename of the
output file. You can either type it into the filename field, or select the
Browse button and browse to a directory and then enter a filename. Leave
all of the other fields with their default values (see Figure 5.7).
Jakarta Users要素を選択肢ファイルレポータ要素を追加します("追加"--"リスナー"--"ファイルレポータ")。
次に、出力するファイルのディレクトリとファイル名を指定してください。
ファイル名のフィールドにタイプするか、
参照ボタンからディレクトリをブラウズしファイル名を入力してください。
他のフィールドはデフォルトのままにしておきます(Figure 5.7 を参照)。
Although it is not required, we recommend that you save the Test Plan to a
file before running it. To save the Test Plan, select the Test Plan element
in the tree. Then, select Save As from the File menu.
JMeter allows you to save the entire Test Plan tree or
only a portion of it. JMeter uses the currently selected tree element
and saves all elements located in that particular "branch" of the tree.
Because you want to save all of the elements, you must select the Test Plan
element before selecting File --> Save As.
JMeterではテストプランのツリーの全てを保存することもできますし、
その一部だけを保存することもできます。
ツリー上で選択されている要素において保存をするとその"枝"の中身の要素まで全て保存します。
ここでは全ての要素を保存したいので、"ファイル"--"保存"を選択するまえに
ツリー上でテストプラン要素を選択しておきます。
You can also access the Save As menu item by selecting an
element and then clicking your right mouse button.
要素上で右クリックし、表示されるメニューアイテム上で"保存"を選択することもできます。
Before running the Test Plan, You have to manually open the File Reporter
output file. Select the File Reporter tree element, and select the Open button,
which is located at the bottom of the Control Panel.
The current version of JMeter does not let you know
when it has finished running your Test Plan. You have to determine this
by viewing the console output or the File Reporter output file.
JMeterの現在のバージョンではテストプランの実行が終了したかどうかを知らせてはくれません。
コンソール上の出力を見るか、ファイルレポータの出力を見てください。
Once JMeter has finished running your Test Plan, select Stop from the
Run menu.
テストプランの実行が終了したら、"実行"メニューから"停止"を選択してください。
Next, you need to close the File Reporter output file. Select
the File Reporter tree element, and select the Close button on the
Control Panel.
